Hello, Andrew. You will not lose your history or data when downgrading your plan. QuickBooks retains your transactional data even if you switch to a lower plan.
However, please note that some features in QBO Essentials will not be available in QBO Simple Start.
For more information on how to downgrade your plan, you can check out this article: Upgrade or change your subscription.
If you have any further questions, feel free to reach out. We're here to help you anytime.