QuickBooks Payments like other payment processing services adheres to strict identity verification and anti-money laundering laws set by governing bodies like the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). This is why a Social Security Number (SSN) is required for compliance standards, Tera.
You can utilize a third-party application other than QuickBooks Payments for online payments. QuickBooks Online (QBO) provides several applications on the list that you can use and integrate.
You can go to the Apps menu and select Find apps. Search for an app or type in a keyword. I've added a screenshot below for your visual reference:

You might also find this article helpful when receiving payments for an invoice: Record an Invoice Payment.
Moving forward, if you can already obtain your SSN and may need to update some of your information, check out this article for more details: Edit Company Settings.
If you have further concerns or concerns about online payments or anything about QuickBooks, post your comment below. The Community team always right here to help.