Understanding profit margins is very important when you’re running a small business. By analyzing this data, you’ll discover many changes you can make in your day-to-day operations that are likely to result in increased profit.
Your profit margin gives you an idea of the health of your company, tells you how much money your business makes, and lets you identify potential ways to improve your business.
Your profit margin is the amount of revenue left after paying for all the costs to deliver products or services. You can calculate this figure as a ratio of net profit to total revenue, and it provides a realistic idea of a business’ profitability.
If you strictly sell products, you can define product margin as the profit margin per product. If your company only offers services, you want to consider a wide range of factors, including the difference in hourly rates when you need to consult a senior employee versus an entry-level employee, direct and indirect costs, and marketing and administrative costs, to determine where you can cut costs.
Say company A has a total revenue of R100,000, and in order to make this amount of money, they have to spend R90,000. This means their profit is only R10,000. If company B’s total revenue is R50,000 and their total expense is just R10,000, it has a profit of R40,000. So despite having a lower revenue, company B is clearly more profitable than company A. But how much more profitable is company B?
The profit margin of company A in the previous example is R10,000 divided by R100,000, which is 10%. You can calculate company B’s profit margin by dividing R40,000 by R50,000, which gives you 80%. In other words, for each rand of their revenue, company A makes a profit of R0.10 and company B makes a profit of R0.80.
If you have a high profit margin, it means that you make a substantial amount of money on a product compared to its cost. Say you own a small software company that develops and sells technical software that customers pay top dollar for.
If the cost to produce the software is relatively low, you probably have a high profit margin. Though there are exceptions, luxury retail stores typically have a high profit margin, whereas R5 stores have a low profit margin.
When you’re starting a business, it’s important to understand that its potential high profit margin doesn’t tell the whole story; you have to consider all expenses to get a real sense of whether a seemingly high-profit-margin business idea will make money.
For example, jewellery is typically considered a high-profit-margin business, but if you’re opening a jewellery store at a mall, your actual profit margin could be low if you have to pay a lot to rent space in the mall and hire full-time employees.
Knowing whether a product has a high profit margin is a good place to start, but take expenses, such as production and marketing costs, into consideration as well.
If you have a low profit margin this means that the selling price you chose for goods isn’t much higher than its cost. If your company has a low profit margin, you’re likely in a very competitive industry, offering products that aren’t highly unique.
But there are still many ways that you can increase your net profit. Consider focusing on making your company more efficient in terms of overhead spending to keep your net incomes positive.
If you’re running a company with a low profit margin, you should consider focusing on optimizing processes and cutting costs for supplies, because there isn’t much revenue to cover mistakes. A low profit margin may also indicate that there are some ways that you could alter your business to maximize productivity with minimum wasted expense or effort.
Say you run a clothing store and have a great supplier providing you with low-cost fabric. If your competitor pays a premium for fabric, they’ll likely have a lower profit margin than your company will. Labour is another important factor that affects the profit margin. If it takes your competition twice as long to make a dress, they have to recoup twice as much labour expense.
In general, profit margins are lowest in industries involving food. For example, if you run a restaurant, you likely have low margins. The revenue you earn has to cover the costs of the food, meal preparation, and service.
Retirement communities and assisted living locations have a low profit margin because of large overhead requirements. In addition, stores selling office supplies typically cannot charge higher margins, because there’s a variety of similar goods available in the market.
Just because you may run a low-margin company doesn’t mean you necessarily need to make drastic changes. For example, Game is a low-margin company, but they make up for it with extremely high volume that gives them a fantastic net profit.
Profit margin measures a business’ ability to turn each rand of revenue into profit. One way to increase your business’ profit margin is to increase your revenue. You can do this by raising the prices of your products or services, but you don’t have to increase your prices across the board.
Instead, you can focus on raising the prices on your more popular or specialized products and services. Do you offer products or services that other businesses don’t sell? Consider bumping the price up a bit to try to increase your profit margin.
Another way you can improve your profit margin is to lower your discretionary expenses, such as travel expenses. This may be a safer way to increase your profit margin because it usually doesn’t affect your customers directly. By monitoring and continually improving the profit margin of your business, you can make sure that it’s profitable in the long run.
Whether you’re a lawyer, an accountant, the owner of a manufacturing company, or another type of professional, you likely pay office costs unless you’re working from home. That overhead can get expensive and cut into your profit margins, but don’t worry, there are many things you can do to boost and protect these margins.
To improve profit margins, you need to keep records. Consider using accounting software or another type of system to track profit margins. Even better, you can create reports on a regular basis that show your profit margin in various aspects of your business, so you can tell when there’s been growth.
A very effective way to boost profit margin is to simply get rid of the office. The proliferation of mobile apps makes it possible to set up remote offices relatively easily. Giving your employees the option to work from home is likely to put a smile on their face, as they get to avoid traffic and work in a familiar environment. The happier your employees are, the better they’ll be able to work, which translates into higher profits for you.
There are apps that can track hours, facilitate meetings, generate financial records, organize group projects, and keep everyone connected. If you need a space to meet clients, consider revamping a room in your home; in many cases, this also makes you eligible for the home office deduction, helping you keep more cash in your pocket. You can also consider working in a co-working space or shared office space.
For example, in some arrangements, you pay a monthly fee in exchange for use of a conference space, mailboxes, and other office amenities. This gives you the benefits of having an office at a much lower rate than renting a full office.
If you can’t reasonably get rid of your office, you may want to consider using the space to generate extra cash. Do you have a cubicle that a telecommuter or independent contractor could rent? Do you want to rent your conference room to a startup on the weekends?
If you have a kitchen on-site, a small catering company may even want to rent it in the evenings or weekends. Explore ideas to share your office space in ways that generate a bit of extra cash for your business.
Is your office still reliant on a lot of paper? If so, that’s another area where you may be able to lower costs. Although it only costs a few cents to print most office documents, it adds up over time, especially when you take into account the cost of printer cartridges and equipment maintenance. Consider getting rid of that aspect of your office and going paperless. It’s likely your team already has laptops, tablets, or smartphones, and you can use those electronics for most paper-based tasks.
With the right programs, you can share and modify documents, send invoices to clients, and capture legally binding electronic signatures. Not only does this save you money, but it’s good for the environment too.
When you’re trying to improve profit margins, cutting costs is a great start. You may want to also focus on increasing the amount of money coming through the door. Your existing clients are a great place to start.
They already patronize your business, and in most cases, it’s easier to convince them to buy more than it is to find new clients. Consider teaching your team to up-sell and cross sell your products and services.
Up-selling and cross selling helps to improve the lifetime value of your customers, but you may still have clients who simply aren’t pulling their weight. Look through your list of clients and identify the ones with the lowest profit margins. In some cases, you may find that you’ve increased services for low-paying clients over the years without raising prices. When this happens, you often end up with clients with negative margins.
You can sit down with your clients and explain that you’ll have to raise costs going forward. Some clients should be ok with the new pricing, but if they’re not, you may want to drop these clients.
If you typically pop expenses on a company credit card or use a line of credit to write payroll cheques, you’re spending money unnecessarily on interest payments. In this case, you may want to dive into some cash flow analysis to determine how much cash you’re likely to have on hand at any time, so you can structure your bills and pay them in cash rather than with credit.
You may also want to look at ways to speed up your accounts receivable turnaround to boost the amount of cash you have on hand. If you can eliminate or reduce interest payments, your money becomes cheaper to use, which ultimately boosts your profit margin. Healthy profit margins can vary depending on the industry you’re in.
However, if you feel like your margin is too low, you may want to explore ways to increase it. Once you finish analyzing and improving the profit margin in your office, you can start looking at other sectors of your business and improving the margins there.
Consider performing an annual review of your business’s profit and loss (P&L) statement, also known as the income statement. Your P&L statement shows your revenue and expenses, with the difference being net income or loss. As a small business owner, there’s often some temptation to skip this step or delegate this task to someone else.
However, examining your P&L at the end of the year is useful to check your progress against previously budgeted figures and compare to prior-year numbers. You can use the P&L review process to create a more accurate budget for the next year. For instance, if expenses are running higher than planned, you can make adjustments, such as finding a cheaper source for products or optimizing your workflow.
Analyzing data is very helpful when you’re looking for ways to lower costs and find other ways to increase profit. Using an accounting system, such as QuickBooks Online, you can generate a profit and loss statement automatically, learn how today.
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