@jloomy let me try to help. I opened a customer transaction report and added the "terms" field and nothing would display until I added the terms in an invoice. The report is not pulling from customer profile but from the field in the transaction itself. Open one of your customer's invoices, select a terms, save, and see if that gets you the desired result.
Only Invoices have the Terms field, you won't find it in an Estimate or a Sales Receipt.
(Quickbooks Desktop Enterprise)