I'll ensure you'll get the verification code from Green Dot to verify if they've received the funds, @Beth1416.
After processing a bill payment in QuickBooks, you should receive a confirmation via email. If you haven't received this email, I recommend contacting Green Dot to verify if the payment went through. You can find their phone number on the back of your debit card.
Additionally, you can use the QuickBooks debit card to make purchases, withdraw funds from ATMs or your QuickBooks Checking account.
The thread is always open if you need further assistance with processing payments using your QuickBooks Checking or if you any other concerns inside QuickBooks Online. Have a good one.