I appreciate the screenshot you've shared and for following the steps provided by my colleague. Allow me to chime in on this thread and provide additional details.
The closest report you can run to get these details is the Customer Balance report. This shows the invoices and the payments along with it. However, if the payments are associated with multiple invoices, you'll have to manually open the payment to view the invoices.
As for the template you've created, please ensure that you use all of the necessary box for the details to populate.
Additionally, you can refer to these articles for guidance with your reports:
I'm always here to help you whenever you require further assistance with your reports in QuickBooks.